Pillar 01 of 21 · Land Measurement Units

Bigha, Kanal, Marla, Acre — Every Unit Decoded for Every State

35 expert guides on land measurement across India. 1 Bigha means something completely different in UP, Haryana, Rajasthan, Punjab, HP and Uttarakhand. Know exactly what you're buying — down to the last square foot.

📗 35 Guides 🗺 7 State Corridors 🏛 Cross-checked with State Revenue Portals 📐 30+ Unit Conversions

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1 Bigha (UP)

= 0.625 Acre = 27,225 sq ft

1 Bigha (Har)

= 0.5 Acre = 21,780 sq ft

1 Kanal

= 20 Marla = 5,445 sq ft

1 Killa

= 1 Acre = 2 Bigha (Punjab)

1 Nali (UK)

= 200 sq m (Hill Districts)

Quick Reference

Bigha — State-wise Conversion Table

Cross-checked with official state revenue portals · Updated 2026

State / Unit	= Square Feet	= Acre	= Sq Metre	Local System
UP — Pucca Bigha	27,225	0.625	2,529	20 Biswa · Plains
UP — Kachcha Bigha	13,612	0.313	1,265	10 Biswa · ½ Pucca
Haryana — Bigha	21,780	0.500	2,023	4 Kanal = 20 Marla
Punjab — Bigha	21,780	0.500	2,023	2 Bigha = 1 Killa = 1 Acre
Rajasthan — Pucca Bigha	27,225	0.625	2,529	Northern districts (Shahjahani Jarib)
Rajasthan — Kachcha Bigha	17,424	0.400	1,619	Southern districts (Gantari Jarib)
Himachal Pradesh — Bigha	8,712	0.200	809	5 Bigha = 1 Acre
Uttarakhand — Hills Bigha	6,804	0.156	632	Mountain districts
Uttarakhand — Terai Bigha	27,225	0.625	2,529	Dehradun, Haridwar plains
1 Acre (reference)	43,560	1.000	4,047	Universal standard

Why the same word means six different plots

Bigha was never a standardised unit. Each princely state and settlement survey fixed its own chain length — the Shahjahani Jarib in northern Rajasthan, the Gantari Jarib in the south, the British 66-foot chain in Punjab and Haryana. Those survey decisions from the 1800s still decide how big your plot is in 2026.

That is why a "10 bigha" listing near Mathura is 6.25 acres, while the same "10 bigha" in Shimla district is barely 2 acres. Before you compare any two parcels — or any two prices per bigha — convert both to acres or square feet first. Every guide in this pillar does exactly that for its state, tehsil by tehsil where the unit shifts inside the state.

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The one rule that prevents 90% of measurement disputes

Always get the area written in square metres in the sale deed alongside the local unit. Revenue records (khasra/jamabandi) carry the local unit; the registered deed should carry both. Our state guides show the exact clause wording.

Start with your state

Uttar Pradesh Bigha, Biswa & Biswaansi — the 20-20-20 system Pucca vs kachcha bigha, why western UP differs from Purvanchal, and reading a UP khasra. Haryana Kanal, Marla & the Karam hierarchy The British Punjab settlement system that Haryana still runs on — with district variations. Rajasthan Pucca vs Kachcha Bigha — two states in one Shahjahani vs Gantari Jarib districts mapped, so you know which bigha your parcel uses. Punjab Kanal, Killa & Murabba explained Why 1 Killa = 1 Acre exactly, and how a 25-killa murabba block is numbered. Himachal Pradesh The 5-bigha acre of the hills HP's small bigha, Section 118 context, and hill-slope area vs plan area. Uttarakhand Nali & Mutthi — hills vs Terai 200 sq m nali in the hills, UP-style bigha in Dehradun-Haridwar plains. Both decoded.

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

1 बीघा में कितने वर्ग फुट होते हैं?

यह राज्य पर निर्भर करता है। यूपी में 1 पक्का बीघा = 27,225 वर्ग फुट, हरियाणा में 21,780 वर्ग फुट, हिमाचल में केवल 8,712 वर्ग फुट। ऊपर दी गई टेबल में सभी राज्यों के आंकड़े देखें।

1 एकड़ में कितने बीघा होते हैं?

यूपी और उत्तरी राजस्थान में 1 एकड़ = 1.6 पक्का बीघा। हरियाणा-पंजाब में 1 एकड़ = 2 बीघा (= 1 किल्ला)। हिमाचल में 1 एकड़ = 5 बीघा।

किल्ला और एकड़ में क्या अंतर है?

कोई अंतर नहीं — 1 किल्ला = 1 एकड़ = 43,560 वर्ग फुट। किल्ला शब्द पंजाब और हरियाणा के राजस्व रिकॉर्ड में इस्तेमाल होता है।

पक्का और कच्चा बीघा में क्या फर्क है?

पक्का बीघा 20 बिस्वा का होता है (यूपी में 27,225 वर्ग फुट), कच्चा बीघा 10 बिस्वा का — यानी आधा। जमीन खरीदने से पहले हमेशा पूछें कि रेट पक्का बीघा पर है या कच्चा।

रजिस्ट्री में जमीन का माप किस यूनिट में लिखा जाता है?

राजस्व रिकॉर्ड स्थानीय यूनिट (बीघा-बिस्वा, कनाल-मरला) में होते हैं, लेकिन सेल डीड में वर्ग मीटर भी लिखवाना चाहिए। यह भविष्य के विवाद रोकता है।

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