Land Measurement Units in India
Bigha, Kanal, Marla, Nali, Killa, Gaj — the same word can mean three different areas depending on the district you're standing in. This pillar maps every traditional unit across the North India corridor, with exact square-feet values cross-checked against state revenue records.
Quick land unit converter
Regional bigha variants differ — always match the variant to the district shown on the revenue record. Full-featured converter with all 30+ units: open the Land Unit Converter →
How big is each unit, really?
Every bar is drawn to true proportion against 1 acre (43,560 sq ft). This is why a "10 bigha" parcel in Himachal is a fraction of a "10 bigha" parcel in Jaipur.
State-by-state measurement guides
Six states, six different systems. Each guide decodes the units used on that state's revenue portal, with district-level variations.
Uttar Pradesh
Bhulekh UP1 pucca bigha = 20 biswa = 27,225 sq ft. Kachcha bigha is exactly a quarter of that — and both appear on Bhulekh without a label. Buying here? Read the UP agricultural land rules and how to pull a Khasra–Khatauni.
Haryana
JamabandiRecords run in kanal–marla; deals talk in killa. 8 kanal = 1 killa = 1 acre. 2 bigha = 1 killa. Pair with the Haryana buying guide and Jamabandi / Fard explainer.
Rajasthan
Apna KathaTwo bighas in one state. Jaipur–Bikaner belt uses pucca (27,225 sq ft); Kota–Udaipur belt uses kachcha (17,424 sq ft). Confirm the jarib before you sign anything — our Rajasthan buying guide shows how.
Punjab
PLRS25 killa = 1 murabba — the unit large farm deals are quoted in. Same kanal–marla arithmetic as Haryana. See who can buy in Punjab.
Uttarakhand
Bhulekh UKHills and plains don't agree. Hill districts (Nainital, Almora) measure in nali–mutthi; plains districts use bigha. 1 nali = 16 mutthi = 2,160 sq ft. Outsiders: read Uttarakhand Bhu Kanoon before shortlisting.
Himachal Pradesh
HimBhoomiThe smallest bigha in the corridor: 8,712 sq ft, so 5 bigha ≈ 1 acre. Orchard listings quoted in bigha look bigger than they are. Non-agriculturists: Section 118 rules apply.
One district, two bighas
In parts of the corridor — Gautam Buddha Nagar included — the same word "bigha" denotes two different areas within a single district, depending on which historical jarib (survey chain) the village was settled under. Buyers who assume the larger variant routinely overpay per usable square foot. Our research maps every split we've found, tehsil by tehsil.
Read the full research: India's hidden measurement splits →Unit explainers
8 guidesConversion guides
8 guidesMaster conversion table — corridor units
| Unit | Where used | Sq Yards | Sq Feet | Per Acre |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Killa / Acre | Punjab · Haryana | 4,840 | 43,560 | 1 |
| Bigha (Pucca) | UP · Upper Rajasthan | 3,025 | 27,225 | 1.6 |
| Bigha (Punjab/Haryana) | Punjab · Haryana | 2,420 | 21,780 | 2 |
| Bigha (UK plains / Raj Kachcha) | Uttarakhand plains · S. Rajasthan | 1,936 | 17,424 | 2.5 |
| Bigha (Himachal) | Himachal Pradesh | 968 | 8,712 | 5 |
| Bigha (Kachcha) | UP · UK hills | 756.25 | 6,806 | 6.4 |
| Kanal | Punjab · Haryana · HP · J&K | 605 | 5,445 | 8 |
| Nali | Uttarakhand hills | 240 | 2,160 | ≈20.2 |
| Biswa (Pucca) | 1/20 of pucca bigha | 151.25 | 1,361 | 32 |
| Marla | 1/20 of kanal | 30.25 | 272.25 | 160 |
| Gaj / Sq Yard | Delhi NCR plots | 1 | 9 | 4,840 |
| Hectare | Official records (metric) | 11,960 | 107,639 | 0.405 |
Deep research
4 guidesOfficial government sources
Unit values on this page are the standard settlement figures published by these portals and district settlement reports. Where districts deviate, the deviation is documented in the linked state guides.
Bigha, Biswa, Kanal — aksar poochhe jaane waale sawaal
1 bigha mein kitna hota hai UP mein?
UP mein 1 pucca bigha = 20 biswa = 27,225 sq ft ≈ 0.625 acre. Kachcha bigha uska chauthai — 6,806 sq ft — hota hai. Bhulekh UP par area bigha–biswa mein likha hota hai; pucca ya kachcha ka anumaan district se lagaayein. Poora UP guide padhein →
Haryana mein 1 killa kitna hota hai?
1 killa = 8 kanal = 160 marla = 43,560 sq ft = 1 acre. Jamabandi records kanal–marla mein hote hain, lekin sauda killa mein hota hai. 2 bigha = 1 killa. Haryana guide padhein →
Rajasthan mein pucca aur kachcha bigha mein kya fark hai?
Pucca bigha (Shahjahani jarib) — Jaipur, Bikaner, Jodhpur belt — 27,225 sq ft. Kachcha bigha (Gantari jarib) — Kota, Udaipur, Ajmer belt — 17,424 sq ft. Zameen kharidne se pehle district ka jarib confirm karein. Rajasthan guide padhein →
1 acre mein kitne bigha hote hain?
State par nirbhar karta hai: UP (pucca) mein 1.6 bigha, Punjab–Haryana mein 2 bigha, Uttarakhand plains mein 2.5 bigha, aur Himachal mein poore 5 bigha = 1 acre. Isi liye alag states ke rate seedha compare nahin hote. Upar converter use karein →
Uttarakhand mein nali kya hoti hai?
Nali Uttarakhand ke pahaadi districts (Nainital, Almora, Pauri) ki unit hai: 1 nali = 16 mutthi = 2,160 sq ft, yaani lagbhag 20 nali = 1 acre. Plains (Udham Singh Nagar, Haridwar) mein bigha chalti hai. Uttarakhand guide padhein →