6 min readUpdated 20 Jul 2026✓ Farmland India Reviewed
Why Land Units Vary by State
India never adopted a single unit for land measurement. Acre and hectare are standardised internationally, but traditional units like bigha, biswa, killa and guntha were each codified separately by colonial-era and princely-state revenue departments — which is why the same word can mean a different area depending on which side of a state border you're standing on. A Pucca Bigha in UP is 27,225 sq ft; the same word in Uttarakhand refers to just 6,806 sq ft. That is a 4× difference with identical paperwork.
Before any land transaction in North India, always confirm the locally accepted bigha value with the Patwari or Tehsildar — the figure varies by district and sometimes by village.
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Land Unit Converter
Enter any amount and unit — all equivalents update instantly. Select your state for bigha/biswa values.
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Bigha and biswa are not standardised legal units. Values can vary by district even within the same state. Use this tool for orientation — confirm with the local Patwari or Tehsildar before relying on any figure for a transaction or legal document.
Bigha by State — Quick Reference
State
1 Bigha (sq ft)
1 Bigha (acre)
Bighas per Acre
Uttar Pradesh (Pucca)
27,225
≈0.625
≈1.6
Rajasthan (Pucca)
27,225
≈0.625
≈1.6
Haryana
≈9,070
≈0.208
≈4.8
Punjab
9,070
≈0.208
≈4.8
Himachal Pradesh
8,712
≈0.200
5.0
Uttarakhand (Hill)
6,806
≈0.156
≈6.4
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Guntha, Killa & Biswa — The Sub-Units Explained
A guntha is the one fixed, standardised sub-unit in this group — exactly 1/40th of an acre (1,089 sq ft), commonly used in Maharashtra and parts of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. A killa, used mainly in Punjab and Haryana revenue records, is treated as functionally equivalent to one acre. Biswa is always a fraction of bigha — 20 biswa make one bigha everywhere the term is used — which means biswa inherits every one of bigha's regional variations.
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (FAQs)
1 बीघा कितने एकड़ के बराबर होता है?
यह राज्य पर निर्भर करता है। उत्तर प्रदेश और राजस्थान में पक्का बीघा लगभग 0.625 एकड़ होता है, जबकि पंजाब और हरियाणा में लगभग 0.208 एकड़ और उत्तराखंड में मात्र 0.156 एकड़ होता है।
क्या बीघा का आकार पूरे भारत में एक जैसा है?
नहीं। बीघा एक मानकीकृत इकाई नहीं है — यह राज्य दर राज्य और कभी-कभी एक ही जिले के अंदर भी अलग-अलग होता है।
1 बीघा में कितने बिस्वा होते हैं?
लगभग हर राज्य में 1 बीघा = 20 बिस्वा होता है — लेकिन चूंकि बीघा का आकार राज्य-अनुसार बदलता है, इसलिए बिस्वा का वास्तविक क्षेत्रफल भी बदलता है।
1 गुंठा कितने स्क्वायर फुट का होता है?
1 गुंठा = 1,089 वर्ग फुट, जो कि 1 एकड़ का 1/40वां हिस्सा है। यह महाराष्ट्र और कर्नाटक में आम रूप से प्रयोग होता है।
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