Farmland in Ramnagar (jim Corbett), Nainital

Who can buy agricultural land? Since 1 May 2025, a person who does not already hold land in Uttarakhand can buy agricultural or horticultural land only in Haridwar and Udham Singh Nagar, and only with prior sanction from the state government (Uttarakhand Act 11 of 2025). Press coverage describes this as a bar in 11 of the 13 districts (Scroll, February 2025); the Act names the two districts and does not count the rest. Buying through a nominee is a compliance risk, and a transfer made on a false affidavit is void under the Act.

The 2025 land law amendment: The Assembly passed the bill on 21 February 2025 (Scroll, February 2025). The Governor gave assent on 30 April 2025, and the Act was notified and took effect on 1 May 2025 (Act text; PTI via The Week, May 2025). The power to allow purchases moved from the District Magistrate to the state government (Business Standard, February 2025). The Chief Minister said land bought on false declarations can vest in the state, and cited 1,883 approvals since 2018 with 599 violations found (Scroll, February 2025).

Haridwar and Udham Singh Nagar: These are the only districts where sanction for such a purchase is possible, and sanction is not automatic. The buyer gives an affidavit that the land will be used only for the stated agricultural or horticultural purpose and must put it to that use within three years or an extended period; a change of use makes the transfer void (Act text). The general power to allow transfers above the ceiling, earlier reported as 12.5 acres, is now confined to these two districts and sits with the state government, which acts on an essentiality certificate (Act text; Business Standard, February 2025). Ask the revenue department which office takes sanction applications before paying a token amount.

Residential land for non-residents: The Act lets a buyer file an affidavit that neither he nor his family has bought more than 250 sq m of land elsewhere in the state for residential use; a false affidavit voids the transfer (Act text; Scroll, February 2025). The text we read does not settle whether 250 sq m is a lifetime count across the family, or how the rule works inside municipal limits, which the Act's extent clause excludes, so take both questions to the Sub-Registrar in writing.

Land-use declaration (Section 143): Section 143 of the parent Act (UP Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950) deals with declaring agricultural land for other uses, such as a house or farmhouse. We have not re-read the section for this edition, so ask the Sub-Divisional Magistrate which declaration applies before building. Check the land's classification in the khatauni, not in the seller's brochure.

Forest, van panchayat and eco-sensitive land: Land recorded as forest cannot be freely sold or converted, and land near Corbett, Rajaji and other protected areas can fall inside an eco-sensitive zone with construction limits. In November 2025 the Supreme Court directed that zones around tiger reserves be notified within a year (The Week/PTI, November 2025). A plot that looks like farmland can be recorded differently, so ask for the revenue record and the forest position in writing.

NRI & OCI buyers: FEMA 1999 bars NRIs and OCIs from buying agricultural land, plantation land or farmhouse land anywhere in India, Uttarakhand included. That is a central rule, not a state one, and the state Act adds its own conditions on top; read the current RBI notification for the exact wording.

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